Monday, 4 July 2016

Equity Terms Demystified - A simple start



Many of us hesitate to put money in equity markets with fear of complex processes and ignorance to market terminology. We would today, discuss a few handy terminologies which can make your first step much simpler.

Primary Market – A part of capital market where companies raise money from common public in exchange of partial ownership via shares of their company. It is simply explained issuing new securities. The most commonly used routes are IPO or privately placed securities.

Initial Public Offering (IPO): It can also be called as company's first issue of shares to common public. It gives an opportunity to all small and large company to raise money for their future growth and expansion or for repaying debt.

Secondary Market – A market where publicly listed companies freely trade i.e. are being bought/sold by investors among themselves via stock exchange.

Delivery based Trading – When you buy any stock and hold it overnight or take delivery of the same, it is known as delivery based trading.

Intraday trading – When you buy or sell stock on the same day or before the market closes it is known as Intraday trading.

Stock Exchange –It is a place where publicly held companies list their securities and are traded by investors themselves or by their brokers.
 
Bear Market: A market in which stock prices are falling consistently.

Bull Market – A situation where stock prices continuously are rising due to positive sentiments of the economic conditions or about the company performance.

Index – It is basically a summary of performance of commonly grouped stocks. It is created to benchmark performance vis –a vis the individual company, earnings or even overall economy. We come to know the vulnerability or resistance of any particular sector towards any untold event or news.

Beta: It is used to measure relationship between stock price and the movement of market Index.

Market Capitalisation – It is calculated as total number of outstanding shares multiplied by the current market price. It determines the market value of the company. Companies are ranked in different groups of blue chip , mid cap or small group based on of these factors.   

Blue Chip Stock: Companies that have large market capital, good management and established good performance record are usually termed as blue chip stocks. They are considered safe and good for investment with good growth potential. 

Close Price: The last price at which any stock is traded on a given particular trading day.

Derivatives: It is product where the price of security is derived from performance of underlying assets. The preferred to trade in derivatives is Futures and Options. 

Dividend: It is earnings during any particular financial year distributed by the owners to the share holders towards their investment. It is usually declared as a percentage of face value. 

Face value: It is the cash portion of the amount of shares held by the individual to be returned from the issuer at the time of maturity. It is also known as par value. 

Hedge: A strategy to reduce the risk of adverse price movements of assets in different markets. 

Limit Order: Any trade attempted by buyer at a specified price rather than prevailing price is known as limit order. A limit order gives the seller, the liberty to choose a minimum price at which he is willing to sell and maximum price the buyer is willing to pay for it.

Price Earnings (P/E) Ratio:  It is described as valuation of company's last traded share price to its latest reported 12 months earnings per share. It is commonly used tool to check the performance of consumer goods kind of companies.

Stock Split: An attempt to increase the number of outstanding shares 
of a company. The purpose of any stock split is to give accessibility to the small investors to own the share. Also the existing investors get more benefit of future probable dividends or bonuses. 

Have more queries with your share trading, does the broker confuse you with his jargon; don’t hesitate to talk to us at saarthifp@gmail.com for more clarity.

No comments:

Post a Comment